King Philip IV of France, also known as Philip the Fair (French: Philippe le Bel), was a monarch who ruled France from 1285 to 1314. He was born on April 1268 and was the eldest son of King Philip III of France and his wife Isabella of Aragon. His children were Louis X, Philip V, Charles IV, and
Princess Isabella of France.
Philip IV is known for his strong and centralized rule, and he implemented many administrative and financial reforms to strengthen the power of the French monarchy. He recognized the importance of trade and commerce to the French economy and took steps to promote these activities, including the creation of the first French postal system. During his reign, Philip also expanded French territory through successful military campaigns against England and other neighboring territories.
King Philip IV of France had a controversial history with the
Knights Templar, a powerful and wealthy medieval Christian military order. In the early 14th century, Philip became increasingly indebted to the Templars and saw them as a threat to his power. He also believed that the Templars were involved in heretical practices.
In 1307, Philip launched a campaign against the Templars, accusing them of various crimes, including blasphemy and heresy. He ordered the arrest of all the Templars in France, including their Grand Master Jacques de Molay, and had them tortured to extract confessions.
The Templars were put on trial, and many of them were found guilty of the charges. In 1312, Pope Clement V dissolved the order and ordered the confiscation of their property. Many Templars were executed or imprisoned, and their assets were transferred to the Knights Hospitaller.
Philip IV died on November 29, 1314, at the age of 46. He was succeeded by his three sons, who all ruled France in succession.
